Performance-based Contracting for Health Services in Developing Countries: A Toolkit (Health, Nutrition, and Population Series)

In many countries the delivery of health services is inadequate and one way of improving the situation is to contract with non-state providers. Performance-based contracting is a type of contracting with: (a) a clear set of objectives and indicators; (b) systematic efforts to collect data to judge contractor performance; and (c) some consequences for the contractor, either rewards or sanctions, based on performance. Effective contracting for health services can be facilitated by using a systematic approach, described in this toolkit, that addresses key issues, including how to: 1. Have a constructive dialogue with all stakeholders 2. Define the health services in terms of what services are to be delivered, where, the quantity of beneficiaries to be served, equity, and quality of care 3. Design the monitoring and evaluation to judge the performance of contractors 4. Select the contractors in a fair and transparent way 5. Arrange for effective contract management 6. Draft the contract and bidding documents 7. Carry out the bidding process and successfully manage the contracts. The toolkit also includes a review of 14 evaluated examples of contracting in developing countries which concludes that the current weight of evidence indicates that contracting improves the coverage and quality of services rapidly.