A text-book of elementary analytical chemistry; qualitative and volumetric

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1906 Excerpt: ...or ether. It may be recognized by its boiling point and the following tests: a. Aniline combines with acids to form salts most of which are readily soluble in water. The hydrochloride has the formula C«H5NH2.HCl. The others are combined on the same type. b. If to a dilute solution of aniline a dilute hypochlorite solution (bleaching powder will answer) be added a purple color is produced which turns to reddish brown. c. When a solution of aniline in strong sulphuric acid is mixed with an aqueous solution of potassium dichromate a deep blue color is produced. d. Aniline and several related substances yield the isonitril test, described under chloroform. To make the test add but a drop of chloroform to the aniline or salt of aniline and then add a strong alcoholic solution of potassium hydroxide and warm gently. Acetanilide. This compound, which is known as phenylacetamide and also as antifebrine, is a white crystalline substance made by the action of glacial acetic acid on pure aniline and having the formula C6H5NH.C2H30. It is soluble in hot water, slightly soluble in cold water and very soluble in alcohol, chloroform or ether. Its melting point is 1130. a. Acetanilide gives the isonitril test just described. b. Acetanilide in aqueous or alcoholic solution is decomposed when heated with an alcohol solution of potassa with formation of aniline and liberation of potassium acetate. The aniline may be separated by ether and identified, while in the remaining aqueous solution acetic acid may be recognized by the usual tests. c. Acetanilide does not give the color reaction with hypochlorite solutions characteristic of aniline. d. When acetanilide is heated with a solution of mercurous nitrate it dissolves. If this solution be then treated with a few drops of...