Title IX: A Brief History with Documents

Many know Title IX as groundbreaking legislation that protects people from sex-based discrimination in education programs and activities that receive federal financial assistance. Yet, many do not know the history of women's sports before Title IX, the history of the amendment, and the struggle for its implementation. These topics and more are discussed in Ware's well-researched and reader-friendly Introduction, followed by 26 provocative, pertinent documents.

The carefully selected writings, organized in chronological order, balance the views of policymakers, legislators, and commentators with the voices of individuals whose lives were shaped by the law. Ware purposely presents conflicting points of view to encourage analytical thinking and lively classroom discussion about gender equity, both in sports and in American society as a whole.

Table of Contents: Preface 2014 / Introduction: Title IX Thirty-seven Words That Changed American Sports

THE DOCUMENTS:

The Back Story "Too Strong for a Woman" The Five Words That Created Title IX / Sport Is Unfair to Women

The Early Years of Title IX Draft Regulations for Interscholastic and Intercollegiate Athletics / Regulations on Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Sex / Hearings before the Subcommittee on Education of the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare / Football: It Pays the Bills, Son / Competitive Athletics: In Search of Equal Opportunity / Yale Women's Crew Strips in Title IX Protest / Stalled at the Start: Government Action on Sex Bias in the Schools / Policy Interpretation: Title IX and Intercollegiate Athletics / Thank Title IX for Some of That Gold

An Increasingly Polarized Debate Cohen et al. v. Brown University / Winning a Losing Battle / Final Report of the NCAA Gender-Equity Task Force / One Woman's Fight for Gender Equity in Sport / Hearing before the Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Training, and Life-long Learning of the Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities / High School Athletes Talk about Gender Equity / A Conservative Critique of Title IX

Title IX and American Culture A Women-Centered View of Sport / Female Athletes and the Game of Life / Title IX and Race in Intercollegiate Sport / Title IX Has Done Little for Minority Female Athletes / Homophobia in Women's Sports / Title IX at 30: Report Card on Gender Equity / Open to All: Title IX at Thirty / Cheers for Title IX

Appendixes A Chronology of Title IX and Related Events (1964 2014) / Questions for Consideration