Water Demand Management

A common characteristic of water demand in urban areas worldwide is its inexorable rise over many years, and projections of continuing growth over coming decades. The chief influencing factors are population growth and migration, together with changes in lifestyle, demographic structure and the possible effects of climate change. The detailed implications of climate change are not yet clear, and anyway will depend on global location, but must at least increase the uncertainty in security of supply. This is compounded by rapid development, creeping urbanization and, in some places, rising standards of living. Meeting this increasing demand from existing resources is self-evidently an uphill struggle, particularly in water stressed/scarce regions, in the developed and developing world alike. There are typically two potential responses; either 'supply-side' (meeting demand with new resources) or 'demand-side' (managing consumptive demand itself to postpone or avoid the need to develop new resources). There is considerable pressure from the general public, regulatory agencies, and some governments to minimise the impacts of new supply projects (e.g. building new reservoirs or inter-regional transfer schemes), implying the emphasis should be shifted towards managing water demand by best utilising the water that is already available. Water Demand Management has been produced by the academic/government/industry network WATERSAVE. The concept of the book was to assemble a comprehensive picture of demand management topics ranging from technical to social and legal aspects, through expert critical literature reviews on the subject. The depth and breadth of coverage is a unique contribution to the field and the book will be an invaluable information source for practitioners and researchers, including water utility engineers/planners, environmental regulators, equipment and service providers, and postgraduates.