Studies on Biodiesel Production: Performance and Emission Analysis

Biodiesel production through optimized transesterification processes is attracting continuing interest among researchers. In the transesterification process, a triglyceride molecule reacts with an alcohol molecule causing the separation of one the fatty acids of the triglyceride, producing a diglyceride, and an ester. This glyceride reacts with a second molecule of alcohol that takes another fatty acid, forming a second ester and a mono glyceride. Finally a third molecule of alcohol reacts with the monoglyceride, forming the third ester and a molecule of glycerin. The reactions occurring are reversible, and the stoichiometric ratio is three moles of methanol for each mole of oil being processed. The reaction can be carried out with concentrations of alcohol in excess, as this reduces time and increases the conversion efficiency of the process. The formed Biodiesel can be tested for performance and emission characteristics in an Engine. This work is aimed for utilization by researchers, industrialists’ and traditional businesses. Apart from this it will be especially relevant and useful for the students of Mechanical and Chemical engineering for carrying out research in this area.