Programmable VCRO for Wireless System Application: A Design and Analysis

This book presents a simple architecture for Programmable Voltage Controlled Ring Oscillator (VCRO) on 3-stage ring topology. Two variants of Programmable VCRO are proposed. The proposed designs contains input stage, current steering circuit, current mirror circuit, 3-stage ring oscillator and output stage to generate the output signal of the specified frequency by the control of three bit digital inputs.