Nonlinear Electrostatic Perturbations in Space Dusty Plasmas: Electrostatic Structures in Plasmas with Opposite Polarity Dust

A rigorous theoretical investigation has been made on linear and nonlinear structures (solitons, shocks, double layers, etc.) associated with dust-acoustic (DA) waves in four-component dusty plasma (composed of inertialess electron and ion fluids, and negatively as well as positively charged inertial dust fluids). The results may be useful in understanding the localized electrostatic disturbances in both space environments and laboratory devices.