Applied Physics II

1. Interference and Diffraction of Light : (Chapters 1 and 2) Interference in thin film - Introduction, Interference due to reflected and transmitted light by thin transparent parallel film; Origin of colours in thin film; Wedge shaped thin film; Newton’s rings; Applications of interference - Determination of thickness of very thin wire or foil, Determination of refractive index of liquid, Wavelength of incident light , Radius of curvature of lens, Testing of surface flatness, Non-reflecting films, Highly reflecting film. Diffraction of light – Introduction; Fraunhoffer diffraction at single slit ; Fraunhoffer diffraction at double slit; Diffraction due to N- slits ( Diffraction grating), Missing orders, Highest possible orders; Determination of wavelength of light with a plane transmission grating; Resolving power of a grating; Dispersive power of a grating. 2. Fibre Optics and Lasers : (Chapters 3 and 4) Fibre optics : Introduction, Total internal reflection, Basic construction, Optical fibre as light guide and types of optical fibre; Numerical aperture and maximum angle of acceptance, Numerical aperture for graded index fibre; V-number, Maximum number of possible orders; Losses in optical fibre; Merits of optical fibre; Applications. Lasers : Quantum processes as absorption, Spontaneous emission and stimulated emission; Metastable states, Population inversion, Pumping, Resonance cavity, Einsteins’s equations; Helium Neon laser; Nd:YAG laser; Semiconductor laser. Applications of laser- Holography (Construction and reconstruction of holograms) and other applications. 3. Quantum Mechanics : (Chapter 5) Introduction, Wave particle duality, de Broglie wavelength; Experimental verification of de Broglie theory; Properties of matter waves; Wave packet, Group velocity and phase velocity; Wave function, Physical interpretation of wave function; Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle; Electron diffraction experiment and Gama ray microscope experiment; Applications of uncertainty principle; Schrodinger’s time dependent wave equation, Time independent wave equation, - Motion of free particle, Particle trapped in one dimensional infinite potential well. 4. Motion of Charged Particle in Electric and Magnetic Fields : (Chapter 6) Electrostatic focusing; Magnetostatic focusing; Cathode Ray Tube (CRT); Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO); Application of CRO, 5. Superconductivity : (Chapter 7) Introduction, Meissner effect; Type I and Type II superconductors; BCS theory(Concept of Cooper pair); Josephson effect; Applications of superconductors- SQUID, MAGLEV. 6. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology : (Chapter 8) Introduction to nano-science and nanotechnology; Two main approaches in nanotechnology - Bottom up technique and top down technique; Tools used in nanotechnology such as scanning electron microscope, Scanning tunneling microscope, Atomic force microscope. Nano materials: Methods to produce nanomaterials; Applications of nanomaterials; Different forms of carbon nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, Properties and applications.