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The contribution of agricultural lime to carbon dioxide emissions in the United States: dissolution, transport, and net emissions [An article from: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment]
Book Details
Author(s)T.O. West, A.C. McBride
PublisherElsevier
ISBN / ASINB000RR1OU6
ISBN-13978B000RR1OU9
AvailabilityAvailable for download now
Sales Rank14,398,374
MarketplaceUnited States 🇺🇸
Description
This digital document is a journal article from Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, published by Elsevier in 2005. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
Agricultural lime (aglime) is commonly applied to soils in the eastern U.S. to increase soil pH. Aglime includes crushed limestone (CaCO"3) and crushed dolomite (MgCa(CO"3)"2). Following the supposition by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) that all C in aglime is eventually released as CO"2 to the atmosphere, the U.S. EPA estimated that 9Tg (Teragram=10^1^2 g=10^6metrictonne) CO"2 was emitted from an approximate 20Tg of applied aglime in 2001. A review of historic data on aglime production and use indicates that 30Tg may better represent the annual U.S. consumption of aglime. More importantly, our review of terrestrial and ocean C dynamics indicates that it is unlikely that all C from aglime is released to the atmosphere following application to soils. On the contrary, the primary pathway for aglime dissolution is reaction with carbonic acid (H"2CO"3) which results in uptake of CO"2. Depending on soil pH and nitrogen fertilizer use, a fraction of aglime may react with strong acid sources such as nitric acid (HNO"3), thereby releasing CO"2. Data on soil leaching and river transport of calcium (Ca^2^+) and bicarbonate (HCO"3^-) suggest that a significant portion of dissolved aglime constituents may leach through the soil and be transported by rivers to the ocean. Much of the fraction transported to the ocean will precipitate as CaCO"3. Bicarbonate remaining in the soil profile is expected to release CO"2 following re-acidification of the soil over time. Our analysis indicates that net CO"2 emissions from the application of aglime is 0.059 Mg C per Mg limestone and 0.064 Mg C per Mg dolomite. This is in contrast to IPCC estimates of 0.12 and 0.13 Mg C per Mg limestone and dolomite, respectively. Based on our best estimate, the application of 20-30Tg of aglime in the U.S., consisting of 80% limestone and 20% dolomite, would have resulted in a net 4.4-6.6Tg CO"2 emissions in 2001.
Description:
Agricultural lime (aglime) is commonly applied to soils in the eastern U.S. to increase soil pH. Aglime includes crushed limestone (CaCO"3) and crushed dolomite (MgCa(CO"3)"2). Following the supposition by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) that all C in aglime is eventually released as CO"2 to the atmosphere, the U.S. EPA estimated that 9Tg (Teragram=10^1^2 g=10^6metrictonne) CO"2 was emitted from an approximate 20Tg of applied aglime in 2001. A review of historic data on aglime production and use indicates that 30Tg may better represent the annual U.S. consumption of aglime. More importantly, our review of terrestrial and ocean C dynamics indicates that it is unlikely that all C from aglime is released to the atmosphere following application to soils. On the contrary, the primary pathway for aglime dissolution is reaction with carbonic acid (H"2CO"3) which results in uptake of CO"2. Depending on soil pH and nitrogen fertilizer use, a fraction of aglime may react with strong acid sources such as nitric acid (HNO"3), thereby releasing CO"2. Data on soil leaching and river transport of calcium (Ca^2^+) and bicarbonate (HCO"3^-) suggest that a significant portion of dissolved aglime constituents may leach through the soil and be transported by rivers to the ocean. Much of the fraction transported to the ocean will precipitate as CaCO"3. Bicarbonate remaining in the soil profile is expected to release CO"2 following re-acidification of the soil over time. Our analysis indicates that net CO"2 emissions from the application of aglime is 0.059 Mg C per Mg limestone and 0.064 Mg C per Mg dolomite. This is in contrast to IPCC estimates of 0.12 and 0.13 Mg C per Mg limestone and dolomite, respectively. Based on our best estimate, the application of 20-30Tg of aglime in the U.S., consisting of 80% limestone and 20% dolomite, would have resulted in a net 4.4-6.6Tg CO"2 emissions in 2001.
