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Emission of methane and carbon dioxide and earthworm survival during composting of pharmaceutical sludge and spent mycelia [An article from: Bioresource Technology]
Book Details
PublisherElsevier
ISBN / ASINB000RR5TVG
ISBN-13978B000RR5TV7
AvailabilityAvailable for download now
MarketplaceUnited States 🇺🇸
Description
This digital document is a journal article from Bioresource Technology, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
Emissions of methane (CH"4) and carbon dioxide (CO"2) from spent mycelia of the mold Penicilium notatum and sludge from the effluent treatment facility (ETPS) of a pharmaceutical industry were estimated twice during a two-week composting before vermicomposting. These wastes are dumped in landfills or sometimes used in agricultural fields and no reports are available on their greenhouse gas producing potentials. The solid wastes contained appreciable organic carbon and nitrogen while very high Fe, Mn and Zn were found in ETPS only. Pure wastes did not support germination of Vigna radiata L. while mixing soil with ETPS and spent mycelia at the ratios of 12:1 and 14:1 led to 80% and 50% germination, respectively. The wastes were mixed with cowdung at the ratios of 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 for composting. Carbon dioxide emissions were always significantly higher than CH"4 emissions from all the treatments due to prevalence of aerobic condition during composting. From some treatments, CH"4 emissions increased with time, indicating increasing activity of anaerobic bacteria in the waste mixtures. Methane emissions ranged from 21.6 to 231.7@mgm^-^2day^-^1 while CO"2 emissions were greater than thousand times at 39.8-894.8mgm^-^2day^-^1. The amount of C emitted as CH"4-C and CO"2-C from ranged from 0.007% to 0.081% of total C composted. Cowdung emitted highest CH"4 followed by spent mycelia and ETPS while ETPS emitted more CO"2 than spent mycelia but lesser than cowdung. Global warming potential of emitted CH"4 was found to be in the range of 10.6-27.7mg-CO"2-equivalent on a 20-year time horizon. The results suggest that pharmaceutical wastes can be an important source of CH"4 and CO"2 during composting or any other stockpiling under suitable moisture conditions. The waste mixtures were found not suitable for vermicomposting after two weeks composting and earthworms did not survive long in the mixtures.
Description:
Emissions of methane (CH"4) and carbon dioxide (CO"2) from spent mycelia of the mold Penicilium notatum and sludge from the effluent treatment facility (ETPS) of a pharmaceutical industry were estimated twice during a two-week composting before vermicomposting. These wastes are dumped in landfills or sometimes used in agricultural fields and no reports are available on their greenhouse gas producing potentials. The solid wastes contained appreciable organic carbon and nitrogen while very high Fe, Mn and Zn were found in ETPS only. Pure wastes did not support germination of Vigna radiata L. while mixing soil with ETPS and spent mycelia at the ratios of 12:1 and 14:1 led to 80% and 50% germination, respectively. The wastes were mixed with cowdung at the ratios of 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 for composting. Carbon dioxide emissions were always significantly higher than CH"4 emissions from all the treatments due to prevalence of aerobic condition during composting. From some treatments, CH"4 emissions increased with time, indicating increasing activity of anaerobic bacteria in the waste mixtures. Methane emissions ranged from 21.6 to 231.7@mgm^-^2day^-^1 while CO"2 emissions were greater than thousand times at 39.8-894.8mgm^-^2day^-^1. The amount of C emitted as CH"4-C and CO"2-C from ranged from 0.007% to 0.081% of total C composted. Cowdung emitted highest CH"4 followed by spent mycelia and ETPS while ETPS emitted more CO"2 than spent mycelia but lesser than cowdung. Global warming potential of emitted CH"4 was found to be in the range of 10.6-27.7mg-CO"2-equivalent on a 20-year time horizon. The results suggest that pharmaceutical wastes can be an important source of CH"4 and CO"2 during composting or any other stockpiling under suitable moisture conditions. The waste mixtures were found not suitable for vermicomposting after two weeks composting and earthworms did not survive long in the mixtures.
