PDF Results for "Viroid"

by K Moelling · 2021 · Cited by 2 — Abstract: Viroids are non-coding circular RNA molecules with rod-like or branched structures. They are often ribozymes, characterized by ...

by B Ding · 2007 · Cited by 150 — Viroids are small, circular, noncoding RNAs that currently are known to infect only plants. They also are the smallest self-replicating genetic units known.

Very small, covalently closed, circular RNA molecules capable of autonomous replication and induction of disease. •. Range in size from approximately 20 nm.

by P Keese · 1985 · Cited by 478 — ABSTRACT. On the basis of sequence homology a model is proposed for five structural and functional domains in viroids. These domains include (i) a conserved ..

The first viroid nucleotide following the T7 promoter sequence was selected to be a guanine base, which is required for the initiation of transcription for T7 ...

Hop stunt viroid is a sub-viral pathogen that causes a serious disease of hop plants; the pathogen is approximately 1/20 the size of a typical virus.2 pages

by T Sano · 2010 · Cited by 29 — Most known plant viruses and viroids contain RNA genomes ... A possible role of RNA silencing in viroid pathogenicity and.

by B Ding · 2009 · Cited by 280 — Abstract. Viroids are single-stranded, circular, and noncoding RNAs that infect plants. They replicate in the nucleus or chloroplast and then traffic cell-.

by G Steger · 2018 · Cited by 20 — Viroids, as isolated. RNA molecules with the complete biology of a virus, re- ceived a lot of scientific attraction (6–8). More than a decade ...14 pages

Eggplant Latent Viroid, the Candidate Type Species for a New Genus within the Family Avsunviroidae (Hammerhead Viroids).5 pages

by R Flores · 1998 · Cited by 171 — Viroids are the only class of autonomously replicating subviral pathogens whose molecular structure is well defined. Their structural and functional ...8 page

by Y Yang · 2020 · Cited by 4 — Viroids are small circular RNA molecules which have been found to infect many dicot species. Only coconut cadang-cadang viroid and coconut.

by TO Diener · 1983 · Cited by 8 — The Viroid ?A Subviral. Pathogen. T. O. Diener. Until about twelve years ago, it was generally believed that all infectious diseases of plants and animals ...

by T Gucek · 2017 · Cited by 13 — Techniques based on nucleic acids may be the future for viroid detection but they still cannot replace biological indexing, which is usually.

by TO Diener · 1984 · Cited by 15 — Preludes to Viroid Discovery Unexpected Observations The Viroid ... extracted from potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV)-infected tissue was a free nucleic ...

Potato spindle tuber viroid (Pospiviroid; PSTVd) is a pathogen that poses a threat to potato, tomato and eggplant crops in Australia.

by E Altenburg · 1946 · Cited by 45 — Carcinogenic agents would merely cause a mutation from symbiont viroid to pathogenic virus. Such carcinogenic agents might con- sist of special kinds of gene

by JTJ Verhoeven · 2013 · Cited by 31 — It appeared smaller than Chrysanthemum stunt viroid and Potato spindle tuber viroid, the two members of the genus Pospiviroid, family Pospiviroidae, ...

Viroids and Viroid Diseases. T. 0. DIENER. Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1979. xviii,. 252 pp., illus. $19.95. Methylation Reactions. Transmethylation.

by M Eiras · 2006 · Cited by 23 — PCR amplification with specific primers for the five viroids described infecting grapevines [HSVd, CEVd, Grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (GYSVd-1), ...

by E Dadami · 2013 · Cited by 56 — Positive Effect on Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid. Accumulation in Nicotiana benthamiana. Dear Editor,. The role of RNA silencing in antiviral ...

by M Pelchat · 2000 · Cited by 56 — We sequenced 34 new peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) variants isolated from nine different peach cultivars. This study provides the widest view of PLMVd ...

Viroids are the smallest “organisms” known to cause plant diseases. TCDVd is closely related to but different from the known Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) ...

The symptoms caused by TCDVd can be the same as those caused by other viroids (co)- infecting tomato such as Columnea latent viroid, Potato spindle tuber viroid ...

by MC Maurel · 2019 · Cited by 8 — Only hairpin and hammerhead catalytic motifs are naturally found within plant satellite RNA viruses and viroids [7,8], which perform reversible.

Viroids are unencapsidated, covalently closed circular single-stranded RNA molecules, 239–401 nucleotides in length that are replicated by host enzymes (Hammond ...

by EM Torchetti · 2016 · Cited by 12 — of single-stranded (ss) DNA geminiviruses and ssRNA viroids, ... with the antagonism of the viroid on the virus in co-infected tomato plants ...

Pest Description. Viroids are small, circular, single-stranded molecules of infectious RNA lacking a protein coat. They are even simpler than viruses.

by J Matoušek · 2001 · Cited by 39 — Similar to other viroid species, HLVd completely depends on the metabolism of the host plant: its replication and patho- genesis are mediated by its structur

by PR Desjardins · Cited by 16 — By 1974, several lines of evidence suggested that the causal agent of the avocado sunblotch disease is a viroid rather than a virus (1, 2, 3). Because of this, ..

Citrus bark cracking viroid (Pospiviroid, CBCVd). Why: an unknown and severe disease was observed in 2007 in hop gardens in Slovenia. The.

Aug 9, 2019 — Tomato planta macho viroid (TPMV d; synonym Mexican papita viroid). Since testing began, shipments of tomato seeds from several countries ...

grapevines globally, of which only Grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 (GYSVd-1) and GYSVd-2 are symptomatic (Habili 2017). The other viroids are Australian ...

Effects of Virus and Viroid infection on Potato Production in the. Developing World. More than 20 viruses and one viroid are known to affect the potato.

by J Matoušek · Cited by 32 — Two viroid species, hop stunt viroid (HSVd) and hop latent viroid HLVd (Puchta et al. 1988a), both belonging to the family Pospiviroidae, have been described as ...

detection of CCCVd specific viroid RNA based on the use of end-point RT-PCR technology. This kit is designed for research use only and not for use in diagnostic ...

by TA Zitter · 1984 · Cited by 7 — Potatoes are a vegetatively propa- gated crop, and many disease organisms including several viruses and a viroid are disseminated in tubers. The important.

discovered by T.O. Diner in 1971 (Potato spindle tuber viroid; PSTVd). ❖ Viroids are classified in a distinct group of virus-like agents that replicate.

by YH Liu · 1998 · Cited by 28 — viroid, the smallest viroid of the 24-member potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) group. RNA transcripts prepared from the cloned central or C domain of this ...

by S Trivedi · 2007 · Cited by 5 — Viroids are smallest pathogens that are single stranded circular RNA molecules capable of replication with help of plant replication machinery.

Chile to detect Hop Latent Viroid in real time PCR. This is a possibility relative/absolute quantification or qualitative assay. Real time PCR is based on ...

by A Carbonell · 2012 · Cited by 5 — Keywords Argonaute • Avocado sunblotch viroid • Catalytic RNAs • Central ... Potato spindle tuber viroid • RNA polymerase I • RNA polymerase II •

by A Olmedo-Velarde · 2020 · Cited by 3 — Keywords: circular RNA, infectious RNAs, Ficus carica, next generation sequencing, non-coding RNAs, ribozyme, viroid, virusoid.

HSVd is best known as the cause of hop stunt disease in Humulus lupulus L. (Sasaki and Shikata, 1978) however, the viroid also causes cucumber pale fruit ...

Apr 17, 2016 — Keywords: Avocado Sunblotch viroid; Cyanobacteria; Evolution;. Nostoc; RNA-RNA replication. Introduction. Viroids are the smallest pathogens ...

by HJM VAN DORST · 1974 · Cited by 124 — A viroid-incited disease characterized by pale fruits, crumpled flowers, and rugosity and chlorosis on the leaves of cucumber, occurs occasionally in ...

viroid (PCFVd), Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), Tomato apical stunt viroid (TASVd), Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid. (TCDVd), Tomato planta macho viroid ...

by J Randles · Cited by 10 — Phytoplasmas are wall-less bacteria, whereas viroids are small, infectious, naked circular RNA molecules. Viroid- and virus-like sy.rnptoms have been ...

by T HATAYA · 1992 · Cited by 40 — A viroid-like RNA was detected in low molecular weight RNAs extracted from virus-free hops by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).

by SF Elena · 2001 · Cited by 52 — Abstract. The proposed monophyletic origin of a group of subviral plant pathogens (viroids and viroid-like satellite RNAs), as well as the phylogenetic ...

by P Serra · 2020 · Cited by 2 — Viroids are classi- fied into two families (4). Members of the Pospiviroidae, including potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) (1, 5),.

by YZA Gaafar · 2020 · Cited by 8 — It has been used to detect and identify plant viruses and viroids in ... depleted totRNA) and small RNA (sRNA) for plant virus/viroid ...

by A Abraitiene · 2008 · Cited by 24 — Viroids are small, single-stranded, covalently-closed, circular RNA molecules that cause numerous diseases of plants [1]. Viroid genomes range ...

by JL Marx · 1979 · Cited by 4 — posed in 1972 that the scrapie agent might be a viroid. (Although the known plant viroids all consist of RNA there is no reason why other viroids could.

Viroids were the first circular. RNAs to be discovered in nature. These are the smallest known infectious agents. Potato spindle tuber viroid was the first ...

by J MatouÅ¡ek · 2008 · Cited by 30 — Keywords: HLVd propagation; Humulus lupulus; male gametophyte; recombinant nucleases; RNAse; viroid degradation. Introduction. Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) is aÂ

Oct 14, 2019 — latent viroid, pepper chat fruit viroid, potato spindle tuber viroid, tomato apical stunt viroid, tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid, and tomato ...

by PO Douma · 2012 · Cited by 14 — fleck-associated virus (FFkaV), and Hop stunt viroid. (HSVd) using sets of specific primers. PCR results showed that about 84% of the trees were infected ...

Jun 27, 2019 — The genome of viroids, the smallest infectious agents known so far, is composed of a tiny (250–400 nt), circular RNA that does not code for any ...

Jun 6, 2020 — The human pathogen hepatitis D virus is a subviral agent similar to a viroid.[8]. Taxonomy. Transmission. Replication. RNA silencing.

by A Góra-Sochacka · Cited by 77 — Specific secondary structures of this re- gion play an important role in viroid replication and processing. Viroids of the. Avsunviroidae family ...

by RJJ Piernikarczyk — viroid genotype-dependent symptoms of host plants is lacking. Pospiviroidae exploit the DNA- dependent RNA polymerase II (Pol II) for ...

by JPS Glouzon · 2012 · Cited by 30 — than an order of magnitude) in terms of the reporting of novel viroid sequences. Sequence variants exhibiting up to ~20% of mutations ...

by N Duran-Vila · 1988 · Cited by 50 — sequential polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that all shoot tip recovered plants were viroid-free, in contrast with the mother plant which contained

by JA Daròs — Susceptibility to viroid infection of tomato plant in which RNA ... Citrus exocortis viroid causes ribosomal stress in tomato plants.

Apr 1, 2018 — Some viruses and viroids are common pathogens of greenhouse crops while others are ... and viroid diseases that may potentially have serious.

Jan 9, 2019 — Hop mosaic virus. • Hop latent virus. • American hop latent virus. • Hop stunt viroid. • Hop stunt latent viroid. Hop Viruses and Viroids.

by Y MATSUSHITA · Cited by 24 — The chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) is a small, single-stranded, infectious RNA forming a ... Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), have highly conserved.

viroidae family, as represented by the Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd), replicate in the nucleus by utilizing. DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II.

L2.6 CCCVd as related to cTivd and the viroid-like sequences ... Amplification of viroids by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Most isolates of Peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) do not incite foliar symptoms, but a few number of isolates cause peach mosaic (PM) or peach calico (PC) ...

Around the globe, besides fungal and bacterial diseases, both virus and viroid diseases have acquired greater importance in the realm of plant pathology and ...

Jun 1, 2020 — Viroids are the smallest known plant pathogens and are composed of only a short, circular, single- stranded RNA. Although viroids are composed ...

16 hours ago — date information on the viruses and viroids infecting all types of cultivated and weed plants at global level; and is unique among plant.

19 hours ago — sub-cellular agents like the viruses, prions, and viroids college of agriculture and natural resources. Microbial Pathogenesis.