Agricultural Extension: The Kenya Experience (Independent Evaluation Group Studies)

The Training and Visit (T&V) system of management was introduced in Kenya by the World Bank in 1982 as a pilot, which became effective in 1991. The two Bank Extension Projects that supported the T&V system sought to increase agricultural productivity and develop the institutions of the extension service. Whether the extension approach is effective or not became a subject for debate. The costs appear to be high and the impact on agricultural production low. This volume evaluates the impact of the system based on a credible body of empirical evidence. It identifies the system's deficiencies and makes recommendations for improvement.