A study of the Indian philosophy

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1906 Excerpt: ...as we find it in the sutras (aphorisms) attributed to Kapila. It will be remembered that, according to the Vedanta as expounded by Shankar, the only reality is Brahma; Atma is the same as Brahma and, therefore, one; and the world is unreal, n sharp contrast with this doctrine, the Sankhyas maintain that there is no Brahma or Ishvar; that there is a plurality of Atmas (or Purushas as they call them); and that the world (or Prakriti as they call it) is a reality. The important point to notice and to remember is that the Sankhyas assert and maintain this doctrine in conscious and deliberate opposition to the 'edantists. First of all, I shall quote from the sutras of Kapila in support of each of these three points. And first about the unreality of Ishvar:--($?:-3TT%I: ii I. 92, that is,) It is not proved that there is Ishvar. Nor can this be proved; for (gd«ls£ft: 3TI«R3TOT3Tc T TTr5Ir: ii I-93, which means that) if it were proved, then Ishvar must be either one who was in bondage («n?) but has now become Mukta, or one who is yet in bondage (5). ut hi neither case can such a being be recognised as Ishvar. For (SOTWT 3THcCc i I. 94, i. e.t) in each case he would be inefficient (as Ishvar). Next as to the number of Purushas, the Sutrakar says:--(ff5Wgc5? ii I. 149,) That there is a multiplicity of Purushas. For (3T?JTTTJ«rcnT: ll I. 149,) on account of the arrangement (sTsqT) of the birth of one and the death of another, and so on, we must admit that Purushas are many. If there were only one Purusha, then, when one is born, &c, all should be born, &c. Then the Sutrakar controverts the Yedanta view,(SWST1% t5Knfa iTRTsfor: ll I. 150, that is,) that multiplicity attaches (/. e., seems to attach) to the one Purusha on account of ther...