Arabskie pisateli: Saddam Khusyein, Ibn Battuta, Ibn Fadlan, Makhfuz, Nagib, Badi az-Zaman, Al-Masudi, Ibn Tufail, Khussyein, Takha (Russian Edition)

Istochnik: Wikipedia. Stranitsy: 35. Glavy: Saddam Khusyeĭn, Ibn Battuta, Ibn Fadlan, Makhfuz, Nagib, Badi az-Zaman, Alʹ-Masudi, Ibn Tufaĭlʹ, Khussyeĭn, Takha, At-Tabari, Abu-lʹ-Fida, Ibn Vakhshiya, Ibn Arabshakh, Zefzaf, Mukhammed, Mukhsen Alʹ-Ramli, Alʹ-Khariri, Ibn Ruste, Ibn alʹ-Mukaffa, Khilal as-Sabi, Ibn Khallikan, Said, Makhmud, Marun, Abbud, Mukhammad Osman alʹ-Dzhalyalʹ, Alʹ-Dzhakhiz, Alʹ-Yusef, Roz. Vyderzhka: Saddám Khuséĭn Abd alʹ-Madzhíd at-Tikríti (arab. ‎‎; ), Alʹ-Audzha, Salakh-ed-Din - 30 dekabrya 2006, raĭon Kazimiya, Bagdad) - irakskiĭ gosudarstvennyĭ i politicheskiĭ dyeyatelʹ, prezident Iraka (1979-2003), premʹer-ministr Iraka (1979-1991 i 1994-2003), generalʹnyĭ sekretarʹ irakskogo otdeleniya partii Baas, predsedatelʹ Soveta revolyutsionnogo komandovaniya, marshal (1979). Blagodarya ogromnym dokhodam ot eksporta nefti osushchestvil masshtabnye reformy, sdelav urovenʹ zhizni v Irake odnim iz samykh vysokikh na Blizhnem Vostoke. V 1980 godu on razvyazal razoritelʹnuyu voĭnu s Iranom, prodolzhavshuyusya do 1988 goda. V khode voĭny Saddam Khusyeĭn osushchestvil operatsiyu «Anfalʹ» protiv kurdov, v khode kotoroĭ yego armiya primenila khimicheskoe oruzhie. Svergnut v aprele 2003 goda v rezulʹtate vtorzheniya voĭsk mnogonatsionalʹnoĭ koalitsii vo glave s SSHA i Velikobritaniyeĭ i vposledstvii kaznën po prigovoru Verkhovnogo suda Iraka cherez poveshenie. U Saddama (arabskoe imya «Saddam» oznachaet «protivostoyashchiĭ») ne bylo familii v yevropyeĭskom ponimanii. Khusyeĭn - eto imya yego ottsa, analogichnoe russkomu otchestvu; Abd alʹ-Madzhid - imya yego deda, a at-Tikriti - ukazanie na gorod Tikrit, otkuda Saddam rodom. Saddam Khusyeĭn rodilsya v selenii Alʹ-Audzha v 13 km ot irakskogo goroda Tikrit, v semʹe bezzemelʹnogo krestʹyanina. Yego matʹ, Sabkha Tulfan alʹ-Mussalat (Sabkha Tulʹfakh ili Subkha), nazvala novorozhdënnogo «Saddam» (v odnom iz znacheniĭ po-arabski eto «tot, kto...