History of 1200 years of Iran Poetry and civility: Tarikh-i 1200 Saal Sher wa Adab-i Iran (9th) (Volume 10) (Persian Edition)

Persian literature inspired many Distinguished literary men and women such as Goethe, Edward Fitzgerald, Arthur John Arberry, Edward G. Browne, Anne-Marie Schimmel, Emerson, and many others, and it has been often dubbed as a most worthy language to serve as a conduit for poetry. Dialects of Persian are sporadically spoken throughout the region from China to Syria, though mainly in Iranian Plateau. Nowadays Two important dialects of Persian serving as languages are Tajik and Darhedi respectively spoken in Tajikistan and Afghanistan. Very few literary works of Achaemenid Period, Parthian, and Sassanid Periods have survived, due partly to the destruction of the libraries at Persepolis and many other places by Alexander and Arabs, notably many Zoroastrian writings were destroyed by both invaders, and partly because in these periods the mean of transferring of cultural works has been verbal and through quoting generations to generations and not through writings. Though there are some royal inscriptions of Achaemenid kings, particularly Dariush I, (522–486 BC) and his son Khashayarsha / Xerxes. The Parsis who fled to India, however, took with them some of the books of the Zoroastrian canon, including some of the Avesta and ancient commentaries (Zend) thereof. Some works of Sassanid geography and travel also survived, albeit in Arabic translations. So strong is the Persian aptitude for versifying everyday expressions that one can encounter poetry in almost every classical work, whether from Persian literature, science, or metaphysics. In short, the ability to write in verse form was a pre-requisite for any scholar. For example, almost half of Abu Ali Sina / Avicenna’s medical writings are in verse. Works of the early era of Persian poetry are characterized by strong court patronage, an extravagance of Qasideh / Panegyrics, and what is known as "exalted in style". The tradition of royal patronage began perhaps under the Samanid era and carried over through the courts of every major Iranian dynasty onward. The Qasideh was perhaps the most famous form of panegyric used, though Quatrains are more popular. In Persian poetry there are different styles of composing the poems: Khorassani style, Araghi style, Hindi style, again mixture of Khorassani and Araghi, poem of Mashrouteh- poems composed during the Constitution movement-, Sher-i now. This books in a volume of 10 volumes books that are edited and compiled by the author. Volume I is on definitions, and volume X is on the books that are written on poets and poems, the poetry in Pahlavi period is also edited in two volumes Reza Shah and contemporary poets and poem.