Water Supply, Sources and General Considerations

Definitions a. General definitions. The following definitions, relating to all water supplies, are established. (1) Water works. All construction (structures, pipe, equipment) required for the collection, transportation, pumping, treatment, storage and distribution of water. (2) Supply works. Dams, impounding reservoirs, intake structures, pumping stations, wells and all other construction required for the development of a water supply source. (3) Supply line. The pipeline from the supply source to the treatment works or distribution system. (4) Treatment works. All basins, filters, buildings and equipment for the conditioning of water to render it acceptable for a specific use. (5) Distribution system. A system of pipes and appurtenances by which water is provided for domestic and industrial use and firefighting. (6) Feeder mains. The principal pipelines of a distribution system. (7) Distribution mains. The pipelines that constitute the distribution system. (8) Service line. The pipeline extending from the distribution main to building served. (9) Effective population. This includes resident military and civilian personnel and dependents plus an allowance for nonresident personnel, derived as follows: The design allowance for nonresidents is 50 gal/person/day whereas that for residents is 150 gal/person/day. Therefore, an "effective-population" value can be obtained by adding one-third of the population figure for nonresidents to the figure for residents. Nonresident Population Effective Population = 3 + Resident Population (10) Capacity factor. The multiplier which is applied to the effective population figure to provide an allowance for reasonable population increase, variations in water demand, uncertainties as to actual water requirements, and for unusual peak demands whose magnitude cannot be accurately estimated in advance. The Capacity Factor varies inversely with the magnitude of the population in the water service area. (11) Design population. The population figure obtained by multiplying the effective-population figure by the appropriate capacity factor. Design Population = [Effective Population] x [Capacity Factor] (12) Required daily demand. The total daily water requirement. Its value is obtained by multiplying the design population by the appropriate per capita domestic water allowance and adding to this quantity any special industrial, aircraft-wash, irrigation, air-conditioning, or other demands. Other demands include the amount necessary to replenish in 48 hours the storage required for fire protection and normal