First Science: The Missing Science, the Theory of Everything, and the Arrow of Time

First Science is the most general of sciences. It underlies all the sciences. Whilst some may claim that mathematical physics holds this position, this is not so. Here we show that mathematical physics cannot, in principle, explain the Arrow of Time (i.e. that time has a direction). As a result, the sciences built around the Arrow of Time, such as biology, sociology and economics, cannot be reduced to mathematical physics. As such, a complete unified theory of nature, which includes the Arrow of Time, cannot be constructed within the framework of mathematical physics. Instead, if there is to be a complete unified theory, it must be based on a deeper science that unifies mathematical physics and the more complex sciences. The deeper, missing science is First Science. First Science is an empirical, logical, universal science. It provides the framework for mathematical physics (and physics, in general). It explains the natural world. In this book, we introduce and name the new field of First Science. We explain what it is and why it is needed. We postulate the foundations of the field. In short, this book is a manifesto for First Science. This book, which is now out of print, has been superseded by Beyond the Mathematical Paradigm of Science, which was published in April 2014.