Local Scour at Submerged Pipelines and Their Supports

This is a work about scour at pipelines at river crossings. Experiments are conducted in a laboratory open channel with pipelines placed across the channel on sediment beds.The model parameters,the sediment properties and the flow field parameters are varied to observe their effect on the maximum scour below the pipelines submerged in steady currents.While there are many works on scour at bridge piers ,literature on scour at pipeline laid across the entire width of the river are comparatively less.This is an essay on the later.