Land Degradation Of Birbhum District: Ecogeomorphological Assessment

Birbhum district is very much enlightened for his physical and cultural properties. In this district, lateritic soil made different topography which is known as “khoai region”. Another important topography is river based flood plain. In western part of this district, basaltic topography is found. The heterogeneity of the landscape, the complexity of the components of the system, the change in the behaviour of populations living in such an environment and the pressure of the habitat resource constraints have a strong effect on organisms in that landscape. This landscape is shaped, maintained and/ or changed by disturbance. As a result human interference over land is also increased. Then bio-diversity became threatened, afforestation and land degradation taken place, socio-economic status changed etc. Land degradation’ means reduction or loss of the biological or economic productivity and complexity cropland, resulting from land uses or from a process arising from human activities and habitation patterns. Land degradation has greater impact on food security, rural livelihood and environmental regulatory capability as noted in many India’s district like Birbhum.