Computer Graphics

Basic Concepts Graphics Primitives : Introduction to computer graphics, Basics of graphics systems, Raster scan and random scan displays, Display processor, Display file structure, Algorithms and display file interpreter. Display devices, Interactive devices : Tablets, Touch panels, Mouse, Joysticks, Track balls, Light pen etc., Data generating devices : Scanners and digitizers, Primitive operations, Display file structure, Algorithms and display file interpreter, Text and line styles. Scan conversions, Lines, Line segments, Vectors, Pixels and frame buffers, Vector generation, DDA and Bresenham's line and circle drawing algorithms*, Initializing, Thick lines, Character generation : Stroke principle, Starburst principle, Bit map method, Display of frame buffer. (* Scan conversion algorithms should be given mathematical treatment). Polygons Introduction, Representation, Entering polygons, Polygon filling : Seed fill, Edge fill, Scan conversion algorithm, Filling with patterns. Windowing and Clipping Introduction, Viewing transforms, 2D clipping, Cohen-Sutherland outcode algorithm, Polygon clipping, Sutherland-Hodgman algorithm, Generalized clipping. Geometric Transformations 2D Transformations Introduction, Matrices, Scaling, Rotation, Homogeneous co-ordinates and matrix representation of 2D transformation, Translation, Co-ordinate transformation, Rotation about an arbitrary point, Inverse transforms and shear transforms. 3D Transformations Introduction, 3D geometry, Primitives, 3D transformations and matrix representation of 2D transformation, Rotation about an arbitrary axis, Concept of parallel and perspective projections, Viewing parameters, 3D clipping, 3D viewing transformations . Segments Introduction, Segment table, Segment creation, Deletion, Renaming. Image transformations, Raster techniques. Animation Conventional and computer based animation, Methods of controlling animations, Basic guidelines of animation, Animation languages. Hidden Surfaces and Lines Introduction, Back-face removal algorithm, Z buffers, Scan-line, Painters algorithm, Warnock algorithm, Hidden line methods, Binary space partition. Light, Color and Shading Introduction, Diffused illumination, Point source illumination, Shading algorithm, Reflections, Shadows, Ray tracing, Colour models and tables, Shading algorithm, Transparency. Curves and Fractals Introduction, Curve generation, Interpolation, Interpolating algorithms, Interpolating polygons, B-Splins and corners, Bezier curves, Fractals, Fractal lines and surfaces. (With complete mathematical treatment of this unit) .