OPERATING SYSTEMS

Introduction : What is an OS ?, Evolution of OS, OS services, Types of OS, Concepts of OS, Different views of OS, Concepts of OS. Process Management : Process, Process control block, Process states, Threads, Types of threads, Multithreading. Interprocess Communication : Race conditions, Critical section, Mutual exclusion, Hardware solution, Strict alternation, Peterson's solution, The producer consumer problem, Semaphores, Event counters, Monitors, Message passing, Classical IPC problems : Reader's and writer problem, Dinning philosopher problem etc., Scheduling, Scheduling algorithms. Deadlock : Deadlock problem, Deadlock characterization, Deadlock detection, Deadlock recovery, Deadlock avoidance : Banker's algorithm for single and multiple resources, Deadlock prevention. Memory Management : Paging : Principle of operation, Page allocation, H/W support for paging, Multiprogramming with fixed partitions, Segmentation, Swapping, Virtual memory : Concept, Performance of demand paging, Page replacement algorithms, Thrashing, Locality. Input Output Management Principles of Input/Output H/W : I/O devices, Device controllers, Direct memory access, Principles of input/output S/W : Goals of the I/O S/W, Interrupt handler, Device driver, Device independent I/O software disks : RAID levels, Disks Arm scheduling algorithm, Error handling. File Systems : File naming, File structure, File types, File access, File attributes, File operations, Memory mapped files, Directories : Hierarchical directory system, Pathnames, Directory operations, File system implementation. Implementing Files : Contiguous allocation, Linked list allocation, Linked list using index, Inodes, Implementing directories in C, MS-DOS, UNIX. Shared files, Disk space management, File system reliability, File system performance. Security : Security environment, Design principles of security, User authentication, Protection mechanism : Protection domain, Access control list. Case Study : Unix, Linux, Windows 2000. Unix/Linux Operating System : Development of Unix/Linux, Role of Kernel and function of Kernel, System calls, Elementary shell programming, Directory structure, System administration. Introduction to multiprocessor and distributed operating system.