Below is a list of the prizewinners during the period 2001 2005 with a description of the works which won them their prizes:
(2001) George A Akerlof, A Michael Spence & Joseph Stiglitz - for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information; (2002) Daniel Kahneman - for having integrated insights from psychological research into economic science, especially concerning human judgment and decision-making under uncertainty & Vernon L Smith - for having established laboratory experiments as a tool in empirical economic analysis, especially in the study of alternative market mechanisms; (2003) Robert F Engle III - for methods of analyzing economic time series with time-varying volatility (ARCH) & Clive W J Granger - for methods of analyzing economic time series with common trends (cointegration); (2004) Finn E Kydland & Edward C Prescott - for their contributions to dynamic macroeconomics: the time consistency of economic policy and the driving forces behind business cycles; (2005) Robert J Aumann & Thomas C Schelling - for having enhanced our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game-theory analysis.