Effects of superoxide dismutase and polyclonal tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibodies on chloroacetate-induced cellular death and superoxide anion ... Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C]

This digital document is a journal article from Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Dichloroacetate (DCA) and trichloroacetate (TCA) are by-products that are formed during the process of water chlorination and have been previously shown to induce superoxide anion (SA) production and cellular death when added to J774.A1 macrophage cultures. In this study, the effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and polyclonal tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-@a) antibodies on DCA- and TCA-induced SA production and cellular death have been tested on the J774.A1 macrophage cultures. TCA and DCA were added to different cultures either alone, each at a concentration of 16 mM, or in combination with SOD (2-12 units/ml), or with TNF-@a antibodies (10 and 25 units/ml). Cells were incubated for 48 h, after which cellular death/viability, lactate dehydrognase (LDH) leakage by the cells, and SA production by the cells were determined. While TCA and DCA caused significant cellular toxicity, indicated by reduction in cellular viability and increases in LDH leakage and SA production, SOD addition resulted in significant reduction of the effects induced by the compounds. On the other hand, addition of TNF-@a antibodies to the DCA- and TCA-treated cultures resulted in significant reduction of DCA- but not TCA-induced cellular death and SA production by the cells. Although these results suggest a significant role for SA in DCA- and TCA-induced cellular death, they may also suggest two different mechanisms for the chloroacetate-induced SA production by the cells.