Determination of carotene, tocopherols and tocotrienols in residue oil from palm pressed fiber using pressurized liquid extraction-normal phase liquid ... [An article from: Analytica Chimica Acta]

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Description:
Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) along with normal phase liquid chromatography (NPLC) is evaluated as a new approach for the determination of @b-carotene and Vitamin E isomers in residue oil obtained from palm pressed fiber (PPF). The relative extraction recoveries obtained by optimized PLE were found to be equivalent (~100%) to conventional Soxhlet extraction. Optimized PLE was obtained (5g of sample, 80^oC, 1500psi, 2x 10min static extractions with flush volume 50%) combined with NPLC system. Typical extractions give 3.7-4.0mgml^-^1 of Vitamin E isomers and @b-carotene of 3.3-3.5mgml^-^1, which is similar to or greater than classical Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane or chloroform. The new developed method demonstrated an acceptable performance with good efficiency in terms of total extraction time, total solvent usage, total @b-carotene and Vitamin E isomers contents as well as exceptional method repeatability.