Notes Chemical Lectures Second-Year Students Medical Department of the University of Department Published By Authority of Prof. Theo: G. Wormley (Classic Reprint)

Other organic compounds may be composed of three elements, namely, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Compounds of these three elements containing the hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the proportion to form water are called carbohydrates, as C6H10O5, starch, C6H12O6, glucose, in the latter there are H12O6 =6H2O. There are three principal groups of carbohydrates: The Glucose group. Saccharose group. Amylose group. Organic compounds may be composed of four elements, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Compounds containing nitrogen are termed nitrogenous or azotized, as CO(NH2)2, urea, C5H4N4O3, uric acid. Some compounds are composed of only carbon and nitrogen, as CN, cyanogen, and others of carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen, as HCN, hydrocyanic acid. HCN, hydrocyanic acid, may be looked upon as CH4, methane, in which three atoms of Hhave been replaced by an atom of triad nitrogen, as CTT A few organic compounds contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur, as Cgoi HgNOS a, egg-albumen. Some few contain phosphorus, as CHNPO g, lecithin. A very few organic compounds contain, in addition to carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur, a metal, as iron in C636H1025N164O189F eS3O2, oxyhaemoglobin, the molecular weight of which is 14161. All organic compounds occurring in nature may be considered as falling under the above classification. By chemical means nearly all of the elements may be introduced into organic chemical compounds. The number of possible combinations of these elements to produce new organic compounds is almost infinite. Ordinarily, however, only fourteen or fifteen elements are concerned in chemical combinations in organic chemistry.
(Typographical errors above are due to OCR software and don't occur in the book.)

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