The Chemist's Manual; A Practical Treatise on Chemistry, Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis, Stoichiometry, Blowpipe Analysis, Mineralogy, Assaying

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1877 Excerpt: ...Emeralds of less beauty but of large size are found in Siberia, Mount Zalora, and in Upper Egypt. Transparent beryls are found in Siberia, Hindostan and Brazil. Beryls of gigantic size have been found in New Hampshire and in Massachusetts. One beryl from Grafton, N. II., weighs 2.900 pounds; it is 32 inches through in one direction and 22 in another. It is also found in Maine, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania. GARNET. Garnet is a unisilicate, of sesquioxide and protoxide bases, having the general formula (R2+-R)2Si3 or (RgSia+ftjSia. The following are the varieties (with the exception of the last) which blend together more or less completely, through varieties containing combinations of the protoxide bases and also of the sesquioxide bases: A. Grossularite or Lime-alumina garnet. B. Pyrope or Magnesia-alumina garnet. V. Almandite or Iron-alumina garnet. D. Spessartite or Manganese-alumina garnet. E. Andradite or Lime-iron garnet. F. Bredergite or Lime-magnesia-iron garnet. O. Ouvarovite or Lime-chrome garnet. The following are a few analyses of the different varieties: Analysis No. 1, by Ivanoff(Koksch. Min. Russl., iii, 79). "No. 2, by Karsten (Knrst. Arch. Min.. It, 888). "No. 3, by Mobers (J. pr. Ch., xiiii, 122). "No. 4, by Hipinor (Schw. J., xxi, 258). No. 5, by H. Scybert (Am. J. Sci., vl, 155,1828). "No. fi, Hlainger (Jahreoh., ii, 101). "No. 7, Bredberj; (Ak. H. Stockh., i. 63. 1822). "No. 8, Kourouen (Vech. Min. lies. St. Pet., 1841-55). Color of garnet may be red, brown, yellow, white, applegreen, black; some of the red and green colors are often bright. Streak is white. Transparent, translucent, opaque. Fracture conchoidal or uneven. Garnet is generally found crystallized, but the crystals are very often distorted. Hard...