Coal mine methane (CMM) finance guide

Original publisher: Washington, DC : U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, [2009] OCLC Number: (OCoLC)549477724 Subject: Coalbed methane -- Economic aspects -- United States. Excerpt: ... Carbon Credit Terminology Carbon Financial Instruments ( CFIs ): The Chicago Climate Exchange ( CCX ) unit of trade, which can be issued as • e. allowance­based or offset credits. One CFI represents 100 tCO 2: A unit of GHG emission reductions issued pursuant to the Clean Certified Emission Reductions ( CERs ) • Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol, and measured in tCO e. One CER represents a reduction of GHG 2 e. emissions of one tCO 2: A unit of emission reductions issued pursuant to Joint Implementation. This unit is Emission Reduction Units ( ERUs ) • equal to one tCO e. 2 • European Union Allowances ( EUAs ): The allowances in use under the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme ( EU ETS ). An EUA unit is equal to one tCO e. 2: Tradable environmental commodities in the United States which represent • Renewable Energy Certifi cates ( RECs ) proof that 1 megawatt­hour ( MWh ) of electricity was generated from an eligible renewable energy resource.: A unit of GHG emission reductions that has been verified by an independent Verified Emissions Reductions ( VERs ) • auditor and can be traded on the voluntary market. Source: World Bank, Ecosystem Marketplace and New Carbon Finance. • alone are inadequate to provide the level of funding necessary Joint Implementation ( JI ): A project­based transaction for project planning and implementation. Carbon credits are system under the Kyoto Protocol to allow emitters in de­ particularly useful for improving the cash flow of projects that veloped countries ( i.e., " Annex 1 " countries ) to purchase are otherwise economically marginal and, therefore, unattractive carbon credits from GHG reduction projects implemented to investors. in another developed country or EITs. Clean Development Mechanism ( CDM ):...