Lime, Mortar, & Cement: Their Characteristics And Analyses - With An Account Of Artificial Stone And Asphalt

Lime, mortar, cement: their characteristics and analyses.. 7 IGE Iurc 1, imc-Clienlical Character-Sblul ilit y in V ter-ComLina lion i t h Ca rbonic ci, l-Carbonate of Lirne-Sulphate of Lime-IIardness of IVater-Effect of IIeat on the Car1 onate - l ri. ct of l-ater on Quick-lime-Slaking-Efiloresccnce-Compo ition of Typic2l Limestones-Percentage 2uanti y of Pure Linne ancl JIagnezi3 in Properly Eurnt Stone-Fat or lure Limes-Poor Limes-Ilydraulic Limes-IIydraulic Character of Limes-J elative Uses of Ilifferc n Limes-English and German Cements - 5peciticat ion for Lime . . . . . . - 3 CI.- Y. , ction of Yeathering on Roc1 s-Silicate of A lumina-Iiaolin, IIarl, Loam - Fire-clay - Erick-clay - Iludstonc, Shale-Foul Clays-IIilcl Clays-JIalm-Pipeclay-Unctuous Clny - I e l Clay-Uurnt Cla--C eneral Considerations-Secessity for Chemical Llnalysis .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 13 S. SI . SD ITS SC1 SIITUlES. Silicon-Xat lral Forms of-- luminium Silicates-JJagcesiunl Silicates - JJineralogical Characteristics - Eli t-31 ode of l-. or nation--ater-wcrn and Sharp Sand - Pit Sand --I i-er Sand-Sea Sand-Differentiation of Q a rftrozm Flint-, rines -- Chalk Sand -Cirauwacke Rock - Standard Sancl for Cement Testing-Leighton Iiu7zard Sand - Sul stitutes for Sand - Cinders - Clinkers-luzzuolana - Tras - C e of by Stneaton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . ,. . , . . . . iv CFAPTER IV. PAGE RIORIAR AND CEhl ENT. Formation of Mortar and Cement-Hydraulic Lime-Mortar-Bye-laws of the London County council-portland Cement-AIanufacture of-Burning to Clinker-Fineness of Grinding --Mr. John Grants Conclusions on-Roman Cement-Atkinsons Cement-Medina Cement-Selenitic Mortar-P aster of Paris-Keenes Cement-Parian Cement-Stucco . . . . . . . . . 24 CHAPTER V. THE SETTING OF RIORTARS AND CERIENTS. Action of Silica--PetzholtYs Conclusions-Degree of Carbonation - Crystallisation-Precipitation - Neccssit y for Clean, Unfriable Sand anci Grit-The Modern Mortar Mill-Plaster of Paris-Effect of Heat on a Solution of-Supersaturated Solulions-Influence of the Character of Sand-Effect of Ileat on - Suggestions for Investigation-Rlr. John Grant on Cohesive and Adhesive Strengths-Necessity for Using Wet Bricks .. . 30 CHAPTER VI. ROUGH TECHXICAL TESTS OF RIORTAR WITHOUT CHERIICAL ANALYSIS. Practical Experience of Mortar-Necessity for Analysis in Certain Cases --Rough Test for Strength - Vegetable DPbt-is - Kind of Grit and Relative Proportions of Lime in Mortar-Earthy Matter-Setting Power-Use of such Tests in Disputes 37 CHAPTER VII. TllE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF LIME, RIORIXR, CERIEXT, C. Lime and Limestone-Preparation of Sample-Constituents to be Looked for-Procedure-Moist ure-Silica-Iron-Alumina-Volumetric and Gravimetric Processes-Lime-Magnesia-Alkalis-Carbonic Acid-Mortar-Preparation of Sample-Sand and Grit-Analytical Procedure-Clays-Alluvial Muds - Portland Cement-lceates Specific Gravity Bottle-Fresenius Specific Gravity Bottle and Method of Exaininatior, of Cements-Conclusions Based thereon-Tabulation of Results - Adulterated Cement-Interpretation of Fresenius Results ... 43 PAGE CHAPTER VIII. TYPIC- L X,. lLYSES OF IIORTXR AND CEhlEXT. Legal S yecificat ion of Mortar-Usual Character of hior tar-Earthy Matter-Soluble Silica-Carbonic Acid - Typical Analyse of Lime and Brick hiortar and Ingredients-Conversion of Weight of Commercial Lime to a Volume Corresponding to that of Broken tick-i ei hts of One Cubic Foot of Different Materials-Fresh Limes and Cements-Relation of Weight to Volume Cement Mortar-Soluble Silica- , Absorption of CO, by 1ior ar-Tables of Typical Analyses of ...