A Brief History of Italy

Contents: The Fall of the Empire The Ostrogoths (489-553) The Lombard Invasion (568) The Church (568-700) The Franks (726-768) Charlemagne (768-814) Nicholas I (814-867) The Degradation of the State (867-962) The Revival of the Papacy (962-1056) Empire versus Papacy (1059-1123) Trade versus Feudalism (1152-1190) The Papacy Victorious (1198-1216) St. Francis (1182-1226) The Fall of the Empire (1216-1250) The Fall of the Papacy (1303) Last Days of the Empire (1309-1313) The States of Italy (circa 1300) The Renaissance Dawn of Intellectualism (1260-1336) Despotisms (1250-1350) Classical Revival (1350) The Fourteenth Century A Bird’s-eye View (1350-1450) Early Renaissance (1400-1450) The Renaissance (1450-1492) Barbarian Invasions (1494-1537) The Papal Monarchy (1471-1527) The High Renaissance (1499-1521) The Catholic Revival (1527-1563) The Sixteenth Century A Survey of Italy (1580-1581) The Stagnation of Politics (1580-1789) The Stagnation of the Arts (1580-1789) Napoleon (1789-1820) The Reawakening (1820-1821) Inactivity (1821-1847) Tumultuous Years (1848-1849) Italy United (1849-1871) Conclusion (1872-1900)