SSM/VSM Under A Complex Systems Framework

At the present time there is a global tendency to take an integral or holistic approach to the business management. This paper deals with the evolution of two systems approaches, the first one is a methodology for the change, Soft Systems Methodology, (SSM), and the second one is a model, the Viable System Model, (VSM), both systemic approaches are analyzed from its origins within the classical systems theory to its evolution within the complex systems theory. New visions and concepts are included in a new version of those approaches, a new vision of SSM is developed and the Multiprocesses Management Viable Systems Model named Virtual VSM is also developed. The result is a contemporary vision of a systemic methodology and a systemic model that is in homeostasis with time, technology, organizations and fundamentally with the human being. This is a contribution to systems sciences and management sciences that should help in the development of a new systems vision for understanding the organizational complexity of our times