Mapping Native America: Cartographic Interactions between Indigenous Peoples, Government and Academia: Volume I: Cartography and the Government (Volume 1)

Our organizational sense has led us to single out specific cartographic players -- we call them producers -- in Native America since contact. Volume 1 deals with governments, early on, from colonial through federal eras, that have dominated the scene ever since in terms of tribes, communities, lands, resources, and activities, although this does not mean that state and local government mapmaking is non-existent. But the intervening administrative unit – the territory – played a major role in the negotiation of treaties leading to land cessions. In fact, the earlier meaning of extraterritorial should tell us that tribes retained their sovereignty beyond territorial boundaries and that the establishment of territorial government forewarned tribes of the very real threat of land diminishment. Volume 2 concerns academic contributions dating back to the early 1800s: Such cartographic contributions are not entirely products of college or university scholars, but their development, design and printing reflect an academic and/or scientific endeavor about Native America. At a much later date, academia is participating in the fieldwork, data-gathering, design and production of maps and atlases. Scholars also have figured prominently as the leaders and synthesizers of the legal cartography of tribal land claims. Volume 3 includes indigenous contributions to the cartography of Native America which precede EuroAmerican occupation and exploration of the continent. Tribal mapmaking, even if not parallel to the European tradition, has played an important role in the occupation of the continent and too often in the displacement of American Indians. But tribes since the 1970s slowly but surely have initiated and been assisted in the development of the means to produce maps and related GIS technology. Some of that training and expertise have come from both governmental and academic auspices. Contributing to many newer maps that serve tribal land and resource management are various forms of land trusts and other institutional means reflecting newer trends in tribal conservation, especially in terms of bringing tribes into co-management with public land agencies. Additionally, this volume contains the Addenda, including reviews of other works, reflections, and a postscript by G. Malcom Lewis.