Quantum Confinement Induced Photoluminescence in Silicon Nanoparticles: A study on Silicon nano-particles

When the macroscopic dimension of crystalline material is continuously reduced to a very small size (of the order of few nanometer), dramatic changes in the electronic and vibrational properties of these nano-materials can be observed. Confinement in one, two or three dimensions leads to quantum structures termed as quantum well, quantum wire and quantum dot, respectively. Because of the small size, the bulk material properties change due to the quantum-mechanical effects in such dimensions. The smaller the dimension, the larger is the effective band gap. As a consequence, most of the bulk semiconductor properties such as electronic band structure, linear and nonlinear optical properties, excitonic properties and phonon propagation etc. are drastically changed. Photoluminescence (PL) properties of nanoparticles are found to be dependent on particle size, degree of confinement and excitation energy. This work is predominantly carried out to study the Quantum confinement (QC) induced photoluminescence properties of Silicon nano-particles. theoretical calculations and its lineshape fitting with experimental results were carried out.