APPLE MICROPROPAGATION: TECHNIQUES AND STAGES OF APPLE MICROPROPAGATION

Development of a successful technique for apple micropropagation is very important to produce healthy, disease free plants and in the rapid multiplication of scions and rootstocks with desirable traits. This progress is dependent on several factors such as applied technique, plant material preparation and medium composition, especially, plant growth regulators. Successful micropropagation of apple using pre-existing meristems (culture of apical buds or nodal segments) is influenced by several internal (physiological state, genotype), and external (medium composition, technique, in vitro conditions) factors. Different stages of apple micropropagation such as shoot multiplication, rooting of microshoots and acclimatization were strongly dependent upon medium composition. In this book, mainly impact of medium composition (plant growth regulators, mineral nutrients, organic and gelling agents) on growth asects such as: multiplication rate, shoot elongation, bud formation, leaf development, callusing and rooting of different apple genotypes cultured on gelled basal Murashige?Skoog (MS) medium are discussed in details.