![High fluxes but different patterns of nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from soil in a cattle overwintering area [An article from: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment]](https://www.ebooknetworking.net/books/B00/0PD/bigB000PDT5P8.jpg)
High fluxes but different patterns of nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from soil in a cattle overwintering area [An article from: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment]
Description
This digital document is a journal article from Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, published by Elsevier in 2007. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Description:
Cattle overwintering areas common in central Europe may represent significant point sources of the important greenhouse gases, nitrous oxide (N"2O) and carbon dioxide (CO"2). A 2-year field study was carried out in order to estimate the emissions of N"2O and CO"2 from soil in a cattle overwintering area located in the southwest of the Czech Republic. The measurements were performed at three sampling locations along a gradient of animal impact (severe, moderate, slight) to test the hypothesis that emissions of CO"2 and N"2O are positively related to the degree of impact. In addition to CO"2 and N"2O fluxes determined by using non-vented manual closed chambers, soil mineral nitrogen (NH"4^+ and NO"3^-), pH and temperature were determined to assess their regulatory role and impact on gas fluxes. The overwintering area was about 4ha and it had been used for overwintering of about 90 cows since 1995. Deposition of animal excreta resulted in a significant accumulation of nitrogen in the soil during winter, but most of the N"2O was emitted during a few short periods in spring and/or in late autumn. Maximum N"2O fluxes of up to 2.5mgN"2O-Nm^-^2h^-^1 were recorded at the most impacted location near the animal house, where the highest concentrations of soil mineral nitrogen also occurred. The emissions of CO"2 showed a completely different pattern to those of N"2O, being correlated with soil temperature; the highest emissions thus occurred in June-July, while very low fluxes were found in winter. Emission values ranged from about 0 to 700mgC-CO"2m^-^2h^-^1. Furthermore, the effect of animal impact on CO"2 emissions was opposite to that on N"2O fluxes, as the highest CO"2 fluxes were mostly recorded at the least impacted location, where respiration of plants most likely increased overall CO"2 production. The results show that cattle overwintering areas are important sources of greenhouse gases, including N"2O and CO"2. Fluxes of these two gases are, however, differently distributed over the year, which also suggests that they are controlled by different environmental and soil factors.
Description:
Cattle overwintering areas common in central Europe may represent significant point sources of the important greenhouse gases, nitrous oxide (N"2O) and carbon dioxide (CO"2). A 2-year field study was carried out in order to estimate the emissions of N"2O and CO"2 from soil in a cattle overwintering area located in the southwest of the Czech Republic. The measurements were performed at three sampling locations along a gradient of animal impact (severe, moderate, slight) to test the hypothesis that emissions of CO"2 and N"2O are positively related to the degree of impact. In addition to CO"2 and N"2O fluxes determined by using non-vented manual closed chambers, soil mineral nitrogen (NH"4^+ and NO"3^-), pH and temperature were determined to assess their regulatory role and impact on gas fluxes. The overwintering area was about 4ha and it had been used for overwintering of about 90 cows since 1995. Deposition of animal excreta resulted in a significant accumulation of nitrogen in the soil during winter, but most of the N"2O was emitted during a few short periods in spring and/or in late autumn. Maximum N"2O fluxes of up to 2.5mgN"2O-Nm^-^2h^-^1 were recorded at the most impacted location near the animal house, where the highest concentrations of soil mineral nitrogen also occurred. The emissions of CO"2 showed a completely different pattern to those of N"2O, being correlated with soil temperature; the highest emissions thus occurred in June-July, while very low fluxes were found in winter. Emission values ranged from about 0 to 700mgC-CO"2m^-^2h^-^1. Furthermore, the effect of animal impact on CO"2 emissions was opposite to that on N"2O fluxes, as the highest CO"2 fluxes were mostly recorded at the least impacted location, where respiration of plants most likely increased overall CO"2 production. The results show that cattle overwintering areas are important sources of greenhouse gases, including N"2O and CO"2. Fluxes of these two gases are, however, differently distributed over the year, which also suggests that they are controlled by different environmental and soil factors.
