Complexity and Social Evolution: From DNA to Humanity. (General Systems Sciences (III): biology and sociology Book 3)

Journalists ask who, how, when, what and why to understand news in depth. Science evolved our knowledge by asking those questions about reality in a series of paradigms of thought of growing complexity that deepened our understanding of the Universe:

The first paradigm of knowledge asked ‘who’ created the Universe. It was a mythic age, when humans thought there was a personal God, cause of all realities. The second paradigm came when the Greeks tried to explain with logic thought ‘how’ things happen. The third paradigm arrived when Galileo used the first telescopes and clocks to measure the ‘when’ and ‘what’ of all the events we observe through the experimental method. Today we have enough knowledge of the events and species of the Universe; so we can ask the final question: 'why'. What is the game that all particles and entities of reality play? Why things exist and become extinct? There is finality to that game of existence?

The answer is: we exist to play a social, sharing, ‘loving’ game. All what you see are herds of self-similar beings that share energy and information through those two types of networks, till they come together, emerging as a whole ‘super-organism’, unit of a ‘higher’ plane of existence; which starts again a new game of social evolution with self-similar ‘super-organisms’. And vice versa: when those networks of energy and information break, the system and/or its ‘consciousness’ of being dies.

Physical systems only exist as dual networks of informative particles and fields of energy (complementary principle). Thus we define besides the arrow of entropy and death an arrow of creation of form, of in/form/ation and life that has evolved simple particles into atoms, made of quarks and electronic networks, evolved into molecules, planets and stars that form galaxies, organized by networks of electromagnetic energy and information, till reaching the Universe, itself a network of galaxies.

We are also a herd of cells organized by a dual network of energy and information ((the blood and nervous system, which are our consciousness of ‘being’) and we die when those networks cease to exist. Nations are made of human beings, joined by economic, energetic networks and informative, political networks. And the collapse of those networks in wars or revolutions brings down the nation. Anthropomorphic Gods are also ‘mental networks’ of believers, joined by a common ‘informative code’ or prophetic book; and the ‘subconscious collective’ or God ‘dies’ when believers no longer support ‘its verbal, ethic mandates’.

In this book, the 3rd volume of the Complex series on a General Systems Sciences based in the Duality of time, we study with those 2 arrows of time, energy and information the whys of biology and sociology, completing the work of Darwin and Mendel with a 3rd fundamental 'leg' that explains the creation of biological beings - the arrow of complexity, in/form/ation and eusocial evolution.
The program of evolution solves also the argument between creationists and Darwinists. Essentially evolution is Darwinian but also creational, as the limits of forms of the Universe of only two substances energy and information, imply that all forms will have a limited number of combinations and the arrow of social evolution determines they evolve first in herds and then in superorganisms. Yet the plan of creation is not personal, certainly not created by a historic, 'biblical' god. Such historic 'minor' gods are better defined as the subconscious collective, cultural 'mind' of social networks of human beings, unrelated to the God=Mind of the Universe also a superorganism, studied in the II Volume of these series: Fractal Universes.
Luis Sancho is a systems scientist from Barcelona, specialized in duality, the scientific discipline that constructs models of the Universe with two time arrows, energy and information. He has been chair of Duality at the International Systems Society for many years.