Euclid's Elements of Geometry (Classic Reprint)

Gnounrnr is the science which enables us to investigate the relations existing between parts of space, whether they he lines, surfaces (superficies), or solids. 2. The term Geometry is derived from two Greek words, pronounced Gu (g hard), the earth, and Msrnmls, to measure :bcometry, therefore, in the simplest aeceptation of the word, means, â?? measurement q` the earth. 3. Geometry in this form is said to have been first practised bythe Egyptians, in order to restore the landmarks that were swept away and destroyed by the yearly inundation of` the river Nile. 4. From this germ of practical measurement (if the aecount he true) Geometry grew into a theoretical science. Experimental processes gradually indicating and forming definite rules, by which we are enabled to test the truth of any proposition inT heoretical Geometry by mathematical reasoning, and construct or build up, by the use of rule and eompasses, various forms and figures in practical or applied Geometry, to which A rchitecture, Engineering, Mapping andS urveying, and other kindred arts and sciences, are so intimately allied. 5. The first schools of Geometry are said to have been established by Thales, 600 n.c., and Pythagoras, who flourished sixty years later: the science was advanced by 1lato, Endoxus, and others. 6. It was left forE uclid to bring into a well-ordered and connected chain the first principles of Geometa. lzat had been taught by these early geometers. 7. Some historians assign A lexandria, in Egypt, as the birthplace of Euclid; others assert that he was born at Tvre it is certain, however, that he founded a school of mathematics at A lexandria, and flourished there circa 323-984 n.o., in the reign of Ptolemy, the son of Lagus: the time of ms death is not known. 8. His writings were numerous; the most renowned of all his works is his â?? Elements of Geometry,â?? in fifteen books.
(Typographical errors above are due to OCR software and don't occur in the book.)