Electromagnetic Wave Induction describes how electromagnetic waves propagate themselves through empty space. Electric charges emit virtual photons streaming outward in straight lines in all directions, making an electric field. Electric-charge acceleration kinks electric-field line transversely, because charge increasingly changes position. Electric-field change makes magnetic field, and then magnetic-field change makes electric field, and so on, so kink travels outward along electric-field line, at light speed. Only wave leading edge (wave front) exists at any time, and kinetic energy directly proportional to force that caused charge acceleration travels outward.