Agrochemicals, Effects to the health, Environmental impacts and Remediation

Agrochemicals are well known for their ill effects on non-targeted organisms and their persistency in nature. 99.9 per cent of the pesticide residues remain in the soil, water and air environment or consumed by the non-targeted organisms, with time they undergo physiochemical changes, undergo evaporation, volatilization, photodecomposition, breakdown by microbial activity, plant uptake and travel through the food chain (bioaccumulation and bio magnification). Persistent compounds such as organochlorine pesticides may concentrate in tissues of organisms and also its concentration through the food chain increases, they affect more on organisms in higher trophic level. Pesticide action network (PAN) international has listed highly hazardous pesticides (HHP) according to the categorization of WHO. Several methods are being practiced to get rid of persistent toxic chemicals in nature such as banning and bioremediation are safest immediate solutions. This paper reviews in several dimensions such as agrochemicals’ nature, their movement in the environment, effects and remediation or techniques for mitigation of their contamination and their ill effects in the nature.